Which combination correctly matches REM sleep to its physiological states?

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Multiple Choice

Which combination correctly matches REM sleep to its physiological states?

Explanation:
REM sleep involves active brain activity with dreams, but widespread muscle atonia and dynamic autonomic changes. A hallmark is impaired thermoregulation, so body temperature tracks the environment rather than being tightly held constant (poikilothermic). Genital arousal is common, so penile tumescence occurs frequently during REM. Breathing during REM is irregular, which can influence CO2 levels, but oxygenation tends to stay similar to wakefulness despite those fluctuations. Putting these together, the combination with depressed CO2 relative to wake, frequent penile tumescence, temperature that is poikilothermic, and oxygen levels around wake values best matches REM physiology.

REM sleep involves active brain activity with dreams, but widespread muscle atonia and dynamic autonomic changes. A hallmark is impaired thermoregulation, so body temperature tracks the environment rather than being tightly held constant (poikilothermic). Genital arousal is common, so penile tumescence occurs frequently during REM. Breathing during REM is irregular, which can influence CO2 levels, but oxygenation tends to stay similar to wakefulness despite those fluctuations. Putting these together, the combination with depressed CO2 relative to wake, frequent penile tumescence, temperature that is poikilothermic, and oxygen levels around wake values best matches REM physiology.

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