Which statement is not an acceptable principle for restraints use?

• A. Least restrictive measure
• B. Continuous observation
• C. Patient consent
• D. Most restrictive option

Answer: (D)

Restraint use should protect safety while preserving as much autonomy as possible, so the guiding principle is to use the least restrictive measure necessary. Continuous observation is essential to quickly identify distress, prevent harm, and determine when it’s safe to remove restraints. When feasible, involving the patient in consent respects their rights and reduces coercion. The notion of using the most restrictive option runs counter to these standards—it imposes maximum constraint, increases risk of physical injury and psychological distress, and can violate ethical and legal expectations. In practice, care teams should always consider alternatives, apply the least restrictive method that achieves safety, monitor continuously, obtain consent when possible, and document the rationale and plan for removal as soon as safe.